Manufacturing Process

The starting material in the following synthesis is: t-butyloxycarbonyl-Laspartyl- L-tyrosyl-L-methionylglycyl-L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl-L-aspartyl-Lphenylalanine amide designated (SM).(A) A solution of (SM) (320 mg) in trifluoroacetic acid (7 ml) was kept under nitrogen at room temperature for 15 minutes. Ether (100 ml) was added and the precipitate filtered, washed thoroughly with ether and dried. This material (280 mg) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (20 ml), cooled at -20°C. The solution was kept in the dry ice-acetone bath at -20°C for 75 minutes. The sulfuric acid solution was poured into ice water (80 ml). The precipitate was centrifuged, resuspended in ice water (30 ml) and 4N sodium hydroxide was added until a clear solution was obtained. After reacidification to pH 4 with dilute sulfuric acid, the precipitate formed was centrifuged, washed twice with ice water and dried. Yield 155 mg. Chromatograph of DEAE Sephadex (with ammonium carbonate buffer) yielded the desired octapeptide sulfate ester: 30 mg.(B) A solution of (SM) (330 mg) in trifluoroacetic acid (7 ml) was kept under nitrogen at room temperature for 15 minutes. Ether (100 ml) was added and the precipitate was filtered, washed thoroughly with ether and dried. This material (300 mg) was added in portions to concentrated sulfuric acid (18 ml) cooled at -20°C with vigorous stirring. After 15 minutes a solution of potassium bisulfate in concentrated sulfuric acid (408 mg in 3 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 75 minutes at -15°C and then stored at - 7°C for 285 minutes. The sulfuric acid solution was poured into cold ether (400 ml); precipitate was filtered, washed with cold ether, and suspended in cold water. Complete solution was then achieved by careful addition of 2N sodium hydroxide. Acidification with N hydrochloric acid led to the precipitation of the desired octapeptide sulfate ester. Yield 200 mg.

Therapeutic Function

Choleretic

Biochem/physiol Actions

Neurotransmitter; predominant form of CCK in CNS and gastrointestinal tract; may play a role in satiety.

Brand name

Kinevac (Bracco).

General Description

It was thought originally that cholecystokinin and pancreozyminwere two different hormones. Cholecystokinin wasthought to be responsible for contraction of the gallbladder,whereas pancreozymin was believed to induce secretion ofpancreatic enzymes. It is now clear that both actions arecaused by a single 33-residue polypeptide, referred to ascholecystokinin–pancreozymin (CCK-PZ). CCK-PZ is secretedin the blood in response to the presence of food in theduodenum, especially long-chain fatty acids. The fiveCOOH-terminal amino acid residues are identical with thosein gastrin. The COOH-terminal octapeptide retains full activityof the parent hormone.